---
title: "What Is an EDI 812 (Credit/Debit Adjustment)?"
url: https://www.uncap.com/glossary/edi-812
author: "Denis Dyli"
published: 2026-10-28
updated: 2026-10-28
summary: "An EDI 812 is the X12 Credit/Debit Adjustment transaction set. A trading partner uses it to notify the other of an adjustment or billback, or to request one. It identifies and contains the details and amounts covering exceptions, adjustments, credits or debits for goods or services, and it is multidirectional: either partner can send it."
---

# What Is an EDI 812 (Credit/Debit Adjustment)?

> An EDI 812 is the X12 Credit/Debit Adjustment transaction set. A trading partner uses it to notify the other of an adjustment or billback, or to request one. It identifies and contains the details and amounts covering exceptions, adjustments, credits or debits for goods or services, and it is multidirectional: either partner can send it.

**EDI 812 (Credit/Debit Adjustment)**: An EDI 812 is the X12 Credit/Debit Adjustment transaction set. A trading partner uses it to notify the other of an adjustment or billback, or to request one. It identifies and contains the details and amounts covering exceptions, adjustments, credits or debits for goods or services, and it is multidirectional: either partner can send it.

## How it works

An EDI 812 is the X12 Credit/Debit Adjustment transaction set, used to notify a trading partner of an adjustment or billback, or to request one. X12's purpose statement for the 812 makes three points:

- Notify or request. The 812 can notify a trading partner of an adjustment or billback, and it may be used to request an adjustment or billback.
- Details and amounts. It identifies and contains the details and amounts covering exceptions, adjustments, credits or debits for goods or services.
- Either direction. X12 calls it multidirectional between trading partners, so a seller and a buyer can both send it.

The 812 carries the adjustment as its own document, separate from the invoice it adjusts.

## Where the 812 sits among billing documents

The 812 works next to several other X12 transaction sets, each with its own job:

- 810 Invoice: billing for goods and services provided.
- 812 Credit/Debit Adjustment: notifying or requesting an adjustment or billback, with details and amounts.
- 820 Payment Order/Remittance Advice: making a payment, sending a remittance advice, or both. The remittance advice identifies the detail needed to perform cash application to the payee's accounts receivable system.
- 180 Return Merchandise Authorization and Notification: the return of merchandise to the vendor itself, including requests for returns, authorization or disposition of the return, and notification of a return.
- 844 Product Transfer Account Adjustment: a debit, credit or request for credit relating to pre-authorized product transfer actions, answered by the 849 Response to Product Transfer Account Adjustment.

## Example

A buyer receives 100 units invoiced on an 810 at $12.00 each, $1,200.00 in total. Four units arrive damaged. The buyer sends an 812 for an adjustment of 4 x $12.00 = $48.00 against that invoice, and the amount it expects to pay falls to $1,200.00 minus $48.00 = $1,152.00.

Because it is not paying the invoice in full, the buyer's 820 remittance advice tells the seller how the $1,152.00 is to be applied. X12 notes that without that information, it may be impossible for the payee to clear the invoice from its system.

## On Shopify

On Shopify B2B, a credit owed to a business account can be held as store credit on a company location:

- Issuing it: you issue store credit to a company location from the Shopify admin, and it is shared among all authorized B2B customers of that location. You can't issue B2B store credit to individual B2B customers.
- Why: Shopify lists refunding a purchase and making a goodwill gesture among the reasons to issue it.
- Refunds: you can offer store credit as a refund for orders paid with other payment methods, such as credit cards.
- Paying invoices: store credit can be used to pay an invoice when payment is due under the payment terms, and only the full store credit amount can be applied as a payment method.
- Limit: you can only issue store credit amounting to less than $10,000 USD on a company location account.

## How Uncap helps

Uncap's [Shopify EDI integration guide](/post/shopify-edi-integration) covers the pricing side of adjustments: if your ERP holds negotiated pricing for a trading partner and that pricing has not synced to the corresponding Shopify catalog, orders created via EDI will reflect the wrong prices. At any real volume, this generates invoice disputes and credit memo processing overhead.

## Related terms

- Credit memo
- EDI 810
- EDI 820
- Three-way match
- Accounts receivable
- EDI (electronic data interchange)

## Sources

- X12: 812 Credit/Debit Adjustment
- X12 Transaction Sets
- Shopify Help Center: Setting up store credit for B2B

## Frequently asked questions

### What does EDI mean for billing?

In X12 EDI, billing runs on separate transaction sets: the 810 Invoice bills for goods and services, the 812 Credit/Debit Adjustment notifies a partner of an adjustment or billback or requests one, and the 820 Payment Order/Remittance Advice makes a payment, sends a remittance advice, or both.

### What is an EDI 997 message?

The X12 997 Functional Acknowledgment reports the results of the syntactical analysis of the documents a system received. X12 says it does not cover the semantic meaning of the information in those documents.

### What is an EDI 832?

The X12 832 Price/Sales Catalog is the electronic catalog a seller uses to furnish a buyer item information and prices, so both parties hold the same item data before orders flow.